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Paul A. Pham Pharm.D. and John G. Bartlett M.D.
03-30-2009
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Available formulation in Zambia: Oral liquid: 50 mg (as phosphate or sulfate)/5 ml. Tablet: 100 mg; 150 mg (as phosphate or sulfate).
- Chloroquine resistance common in Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
- Still maintains considerable efficacy for the treatment of P. vivax, P. ovale and P. malariae infections.
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P. ovale and P. vivax malaria: chloroquine 600 mg x 1, followed by 300 mg 6-8hrs later, and 300 mg once-daily on second and third day PLUS primaquine.
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P. malariae: chloroquine 600 mg x 1, followed by 300 mg 6-8hrs later, and 300 mg once-daily on second and third day (no primaquine needed).
Zambia Information Author: Paul A. Pham, Pharm. D.
- Malaria prophylaxis and treatment (caused by P. vivax, P. malariae, P. ovale, and chloroquine-susceptible strains of P. falciparum)
- Amebic liver abscess
brand
name
| generic
| Mfg
| brand
forms
| cost*
|
| Aralen phosphate | Chloroquine phosphate | ~Various generic manufacturers | PO
tab
250mg | $2.47 |
|
|
|
| PO
tab
500mg | $5.42 |
*Prices represent cost per unit specified and are representative of "Average Wholesale Price" (AWP).
AWP Prices were obtained and gathered by Lakshmi Vasist Pharm D using the Red Book, manufacturer's
information, and the McKesson database.
^Dosage is indicated in mg unless otherwise noted.
P. vivax, P. ovale, P. malariae, & chloroquine-sensitive P. falciparum: chloroquine phosphate 1gm salt (600mg base) once, then 500mg mg salt (300mg base) 6hr later, then 500mg at 24 h and 48h. Chloroquine HCL 160-200 mg (base) IM or IV q6h (IV n/a in US).
Usual dose.
Usual dose.
150-300mg PO once daily.
No data.
No data.
No data.
- Visual disturbances
- Hemolysis with G6PD deficiency.
- GI intolerance
- Pruritus
- Weight loss
- Alopecia
- CNS: headache, confusion, dizziness, and psychosis
- Peripheral neuropathy
- Extraocular muscle palsies
- QTc prolongation
- Aluminum and magnesium salts: decrease absorption of chloroquine. Administer chloroquine 2-4 hours before antacid.
- Cimetidine: may increase chloroquine serum concentrations. Monitor for toxicity.
- Any drugs that can prolong QTc (macrolides, antipsychotics, tricyclic antidepressants, amiodarone, fluoroquinolones, methadone...): may result in additive QTc prolongation with chloroquine co-administration. Avoid co-administration.
P. vivax, P. ovale, P. malariae, and chloroquine-sensitive P. falciparum.
Oral antimalarial agent. Effective as malaria prophylaxis in Mexico and Central America above the Panama Canal. Some chloroquine resistance in the Middle East. Substantial resistance in continental South America. Mefloquine or Malarone recommended for travel to areas with chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum.
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